Jakob Zech (?–1540), Bohemian clockmaker, Prague, table clocks. 1475), German Augustine clockmaker, Augsburg, first drawing of the verge escapement. Mikuláš z Kadaně (1350–1420), Czech clockmaker and mechanic, Prague, Prague astronomical clock. Nicolaus Lillienveld (1350/1365–1418/1435), German clockmaker and engineer, Rostock, astronomical clock of the St. Giovanni de Dondi (1318–1389), Italian savant and professor, Milan, astrarium. Jacopo de Dondi (1293–1359), Italian astronomer and clockmaker, Padua, astronomical clock of Palazzo del Capitanio. Richard of Wallingford (1292–1336), English mathematician, astronomer and abbot, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, astronomical clock of Abbey St Albans. 
Al-Dschazarī, Arabic engineer and author of the 12th century, elephant clock. Su Song (11th century AD), Chinese engineer, clepsydra with water wheel and ratchet. Zhang Sixun (10th century AD), Chinese engineer, clepsydra with water wheel. Yi Xing (683–727), Chinese Buddhist and engineer, astronomical clock. Yuwen Kai (7th century AD), Chinese engineer, balancing clepsydra. Geng Xun (7th century AD), Chinese engineer, balancing clepsydra. Yin Gui (6th century AD), Chinese engineer, clepsydra with constant water level. Zhang Heng (78–139), Chinese mathematician and inventor, clepsydra with extra reservoir. Andronikos of Kyrrhos (1st century BC), Greek engineer, clepsydra and sun dial. Ktesibios (3rd century BC), Greek engineer, clepsydra with hands and dial. Amemhet (1555–1505 BC), Egyptian count and engineer, clepsydra. The list is sorted by the lifetimes of the watchmakers. While there are a great many American watch brands worth checking out (more than would reasonably fit on this list), below are some of our favorites.This chronological list of famous watchmakers is a list of those who influenced the development of horology or gained iconic status by their creations. The result for buyers today is more great watches at every price range, from $100 to $10,000. The affordable market has shattered into a sea of microbrands run by up-and-comers like Harris, some of them successful, and each with its own dynamic vision and accessible models. Smaller first-wave brands like Weiss are continuing to grow and break into the public consciousness. Larger, mainstream brands, Shinola included, are all-in for mechanical watches. 
Quality mechanical watchmakers of the old school like RGM have quietly stayed the course, keeping traditional, luxury-level watchmaking alive Stateside - and have been joined by inspiring young brands like J.N.
The biggest trends, though, have been great for consumers. Shinola got shellacked by the FTC in 2015 over “American-made” labeling there’ve been fights over “in-house” claims by up-and-coming brands, and names like Niall have winked out of business in an instant. It’s not always been rose gold and sunburst dials. A small army of brands has followed suit. Then, in 2011, Shinola woke some of those buyers up with watches that used Swiss quartz movements but were put together in its Detroit factory. American buyers got perfectly comfy with their Rolexes and their Seikos. Switzerland, neutral during WWII, capitalized, and American watch brands never recovered. “It’s a madhouse.”Īmerican watchmaking has laid dormant since the 1940s, when prominent US watchmakers, already on the decline, were forced to turn their factories to wartime production. “It’s total chaos,” said Nick Harris, a former Seiko modder who went to Seattle’s Watch Technology Institute and started his own brand, Orion, when I asked him what it’s like to be a small American watchmaker today. That’s thanks in part to America’s own kind of volatility: a crucible of American watchmakers and small brands, rising and falling, growing and changing, duking it out for a whole new market of Americans who want to wear a watch made by an American company. The watch scene in the United States, long a predictable and quiet market of watch lovers and buyers, is changing.
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